A domain name usually refers to the name of a website. A domain name client allows a computer to connect to a web server. A domain name system controls everything related to a domain name.
Purpose:
Each website has a specific IP address. But remembering a website with IP is difficult. So for the convenience of remembering, the domain name is used instead of the IP address. In addition, the domain name is used to identify one or more computers on the Internet.
History:
The first commercial domain name, TLD .com, became the first commercially available .com domain name Cambridge Computer Company Symbolics used their web site Symbolics.com on March 7. On December 28, they registered 5 million domain names.
URL and domain:
- URL: http://www.example.com/index.html
- Name (TLD): com
- Top-level domain name: example.com
- Host Name: www.example.com
- Document: index.html
Domain Name System:
Domain Name System (DNS) is a system for keeping information related to domain names. It basically works like a phone book. It converts the hostnames of ordinary people’s comprehensible computers, such as example.com, into a computer-friendly IP address such as 208.77.188.166, whereby networking devices exchange information. DNS also maintains other information, such as mail server listings. DNS performs keyword-based redirection. DNS is an integral part of the current Internet system.
Use:
Due to DNS, a company or organization can be given a domain name without having to worry about what the network routing will be like. The routing of the network depends on the numerical IP address. Therefore, the IP address can be changed for any reason, but the same hyperlink or internet address can be accessed or sent to the website. So the website does not have to rely on the external shape or structure of the network. In addition, domain names are much easier than IP addresses. For example, remembering “example.com” is not as straightforward as remembering its IP address 208.77.188.166. Ordinary people remember the URL and email address, the computer does not think how to find it.
In the domain name system, assigning different domain names and integrating them into IP addresses is shared with several authoritative name servers. These servers perform domain name registration, modification, so there is no need for a centralized server.
In addition to other services such as RFID tags, the use of international characters in place of UPC code internet hostname, DNS is also used.
History:
Instead of the computer machine’s numerical address, the human-sized name began to be used before TCP / IP. In the Arpanet period, surnames were also used. Then another method was used. DNS was discovered in 1, shortly after TCP / IP was started. In the old system, every computer on the network used to fetch a file named HOSTS.TXT from SRI (now SRI International). Even now, most modern operating systems have a host file through which users can connect IP addresses (such as 208.77.188.166) to different names (such as www.example.net) without the help of DNS. The inherent problem of the system that relies on this host file is that whenever the IP address of an address change, all the computers that want to communicate with that address will have to update this file.
With the spread of networking, a system was needed to change the address of a host, even if it was only recorded in one place. Other hosts will know this change dynamically through the notification system. In this way, a universal system will be created so that all hostnames can be identified by their associated IP addresses.
At the request of John Postel, Paul Mockapetris developed the domain name system in 1 and implemented it first. The original specifications can be found in RFC 12 and RFC 5. RFC 6 and 9 were released on November 7 to update the DNS specification. As a result, RFC 12 and 5 were canceled. Various extensions to the current DNS core have been proposed in several recent RFCs.
In 4 Berkeley’s four students – Douglas Terry, Mark Painter, David Riggle, and Sanyan Zhu – wrote the first Unix version, which was later cared for by Ralph Campbell. In December, DEC’s Kevin Dunlop revamped the DNS implementation and renamed Bind (Berkeley Internet Name Domain, formerly the Berkeley Internet Name Daemon). Since then Bind has overseen Mike Carell’s, Phil Alquist and Paul Vicki. Bind to the Windows NT version early in the 5th.
Due to various security reasons, many nameservers and resolver programs have been published and are being used in different locations.
